Calligraphy, Callisthenic's and Callipygian...

Calligraphy (N): beautiful handwriting.

This word can be broken as "kallos" which means "beauty" and "graphia" which means "writing", the root "graphia" comes from verb root "graphein" which means "to write". So common cognates of the root graphy or graph are graphical, autograph, seismograph, photograph, graphite etc

Callisthenic's (N Pl): gymnastic exercise to achieve fitness and grace of movement.

This word also comes from the same root and can be broken as “kallos” + "sthenos" which means, "strength".

Callipygian (Adj): pertaining to having or having well-shaped buttocks.

This word comes from the statue by name "Venus Kallipygos" or "Callipygian Venus" or "Aphrodite Callipygos" (which means a Greek goddess of love having beautiful buttocks), for more information you can just search by using the name mentioned above. The word can be split as "callos" + "puge" which means, "buttocks".

California (N):

Does the word California comes from the same root? Well the explanation that I found was not much concrete, the name California is believed to come from a island ruled by Queen Califia, this was described in a 16^th century novel named "Las Serges de Esplandian". In this novel a utopian land rich in gold and ruled by Amazons is described.

Regards,
V